Search results for "methods [Diffusion Tensor Imaging]"

showing 10 items of 992 documents

Estimate of the gravitational-wave background from the observed cosmological distribution of quasars

2021

We study the gravitational-wave background from the observed cosmological quasar distribution. Using the DR9Q quasar catalogue from the ninth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we create a complete, statistically consistent sample of quasars from $z=0.3$ to $5.4$. Employing the spectroscopic information from the catalogue we estimate the masses of the supermassive black holes hosted by the quasars in the sample, resulting in a log-normal distribution of mean $10^{8.32\pm0.33}M_{\odot}$. The computation of the individual gravitational-wave strains relies on specific functional forms derived from simulations of gravitational collapse and mergers of massive black hole binarie…

PhysicsSupermassive black hole010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPlane waveFOS: Physical sciencesQuasarGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitational wave backgroundBlack holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyDistribution (mathematics)Sky0103 physical sciencesGravitational collapse010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonPhysical Review D
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Swift follow-up of IceCube triggers, and implications for the Advanced-LIGO era

2015

Between 2011 March and 2014 August Swift responded to 20 triggers from the IceCube neutrino observatory, observing the IceCube 50% confidence error circle in X-rays, typically within 5 hours of the trigger. No confirmed counterpart has been detected. We describe the Swift follow up strategy and data analysis and present the results of the campaign. We discuss the challenges of distinguishing the X-ray counterpart to a neutrino trigger from serendipitous uncatalogued X-ray sources in the error circle, and consider the implications of our results for future strategies for multi-messenger astronomy, with particular reference to the follow up of gravitational wave triggers from the advanced-era…

PhysicsSwiftHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstronomyLibrary scienceFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsMethods observationalLIGOSpace and Planetary Scienceddc:520Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenacomputercomputer.programming_language
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The Status of the Ultra Fast Flash Observatory - Pathfinder

2012

On behalf of the UFFO Collaboration; International audience; The Ultra Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) is a project to study early optical emissions from Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). The primary scientific goal of UFFO is to see if GRBs can be calibrated with their rising times, so that they could be used as new standard candles. In order to minimize delay in optical follow-up measurements, which is now about 100 sec after trigger from the Swift experiment, we rotate a mirror to redirect light path so that optical measurement can be performed within a second after the trigger. We have developed a pathfinder mission, UFFO-pathfinder to launch on board the Lomonosov satellite in 2012. In this talk,…

PhysicsSwiftNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE][PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]010308 nuclear & particles physics[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]AstronomyCosmic ray01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEarly Light Emissions[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Flash (photography)PathfinderObservatory0103 physical sciencesGamma Ray BurstsUltra fastSatelliteGamma-ray burst010303 astronomy & astrophysicscomputerUltra Fast Flash Observatorycomputer.programming_language
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Atmospheric turbulence in phase-referenced and wide-field interferometric images

2010

Phase referencing is a standard calibration procedure in radio interferometry. It allows us to detect weak sources by using quasisimultaneous observations of closeby sources acting as calibrators. However, atmospheric turbulence may introduce strong differences in the optical paths of the signals of the target and calibrator and affect, or even waste, phase referencing in cases of relatively large calibrator-to-target separations and/or bad weather. The situation is similar in wide-field interferometric observations. We present the results of a Monte Carlo study of the astrometric precision and sensitivity of an interferometric array (a realization of the Square Kilometre Array, SKA) in pha…

PhysicsTurbulenceDynamic rangeMonte Carlo methodAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsTroposphereInterferometrySpace and Planetary ScienceCalibrationAntenna (radio)IonosphereRemote sensingAstronomy and Astrophysics
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Three-dimensional field distribution in the focal region of low-Fresnel-number axicons.

2006

Three-dimensional intensity and phase distributions generated by microaxicons are evaluated in the low-Fresnel-number regime. Apertured and nonapertured conical wavefronts may generate transverse patterns with notable deviations from the expected nondiffracting Bessel beam. First-order analytical expressions are proposed for the evaluation of the wave field produced by axicons of different Fresnel number in the focal region.

PhysicsWavefrontGeometrical opticsbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsConical surfaceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAxiconOpticsBessel beamFresnel numberComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhase velocitybusinessLocal fieldJournal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision
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Light weight, thin plastic foil, X-ray telescopes

2002

We present results from a program to develop an X-ray telescope made from thin plastic shells. Our initial results have been obtained from multi-shell cylindrical lenses that are used in a point-to-point configuration to image the small focal spot of a an X-ray tube on a microchannel plate detector. We describe the steps that led up to the present design and present data from the tests that have been used to identify the properties of the plastic material that make it a suitable X-ray reflector. We discuss two applications of our technology to X-ray missions that are designed to address some of the scientific priorities set forth in NASA's long term plans for high energy astrophysics. One m…

PhysicsX-ray astronomyHigh-energy astronomybusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-ray opticsReflector (antenna)X-ray telescopeCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionTelescopeOpticslawMicrochannel plate detectorTube (container)Electrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness
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A single stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for testing x-ray microcalorimeters

2004

A single stage Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR), has been set-up at the X-ray Astronomy Calibration and Testing (XACT) facility of INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G.S. Vaiana, for the development and testing of cryogenic X-ray detectors for laboratory and astrophysical applications. The ADR allows to cool detectors at temperatures below 40 mK and to maintain them at constant operating temperature for many hours. We describe the design and construction of the ADR and present test results and performances.

PhysicsX-ray astronomyPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsInstrumentationNuclear engineeringX-Ray Astronomy Instrumentation Cryogenics MicrocalorimetersAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsRefrigerator carX-ray detectorCryogenicsAstrophysicsOperating temperatureComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceCalibrationAdiabatic processHigh-Energy Detectors in Astronomy
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Calibration of the XRT-SOLARB flight filters at the XACT facility of INAF-OAPA

2004

The X-Ray Telescope (XRT) experiment on-board the Japanese satellite SOLAR-B (launch in 2006) aimed at providing full Sun field of view at ~ 1.5" angular resolution, will be equipped with two wheels of focal-plane filters to select spectral features of X-ray emission from the Solar corona, and a front-end filter to significantly reduce the visible light contamination. We present the results of the X-ray calibrations of the XRT flight filters performed at the X-ray Astronomy Calibration and Testing (XACT) facility of INAF-OAPA. We describe the instrumental set-up, the adopted measurement technique, and present the transmission vs. energy and position measurements.

PhysicsX-ray astronomybusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsField of viewFilter (signal processing)law.inventionTelescopeOpticslawCalibrationAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAngular resolutionSatellitebusinessImage resolutionX-ray Astronomy Instrumentation Filters CalibrationRemote sensing
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Thin plastic shell x-ray optics: an update

2003

We present new results from a program to develop large area X-ray telescopes that are made from thin plastic shells. We use multi-shell cylindrical lenses in a point-to-point configuration to form full aperture images of the small focal spot in a an X-ray tube on a microchannel plate detector. The image data are analyzed to yield radial profiles and encircled energy curves. The derived parameters can be extrapolated to the case of a telescope that is a conical approximation to Wolter 1 optics. The plastic shells can be coated with suitable mono- or multilayers that allow for a wideband coverage of X-ray energies. Our current program is focused on the development of a large area, hard X-ray …

Physicsbusiness.industryApertureAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPlastic shell X-ray opticAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsShell (structure)X-ray opticsX-ray telescopeConical surfaceCondensed Matter PhysicsEncircled energylaw.inventionTelescopePoint-to-point X-ray imagingOpticsApproximate X-ray opticlawMicrochannel plate detectorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringX-ray opticbusiness
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Simbol-X Mirror Module Thermal Shields: I-Design and X-Ray Transmission

2009

The Simbol‐X mission is designed to fly in formation flight configuration. As a consequence, the telescope has both ends open to space, and thermal shielding at telescope entrance and exit is required to maintain temperature uniformity throughout the mirrors. Both mesh and meshless solutions are presently under study for the shields. We discuss the design and the X‐ray transmission.

Physicsbusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsShieldsX- and gamma-ray telescopes and instrumentation Astronomical and space-research instrumentation Optical coatingsParticle detectorlaw.inventionTelescopeOpticsOptical coatingSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaTransmission (telecommunications)lawElectromagnetic shieldingThermalMeasuring instrumentbusiness
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